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An in vitro study of the effects of isoflurane on oxygen transfer

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, mmuhle{at}home.com

Alfred H Stammers

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Kimberly D Tremain

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Kevin S Niimi

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Kimberly R Glogowski

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Cody C Trowbridge

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

Tianyu Yang

Division of Clinical Perfusion Education, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

A common anesthetic technique utilized during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) includes the use of various inhalation agents, such as isoflurane. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of this agent on oxygen transfer during CPB.

An in vitro model was designed using bovine blood. Blood flow was held constant at 2 l/min, while gas flow was manipulated at 1 and 3 l/min. The percentage of inspired oxygen (FiO₂) was set at 50 and 100%, and isoflurane was manipulated to 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0%. Blood gas analysis, oxygen transfer, and inlet and outlet isoflurane concentrations were measured at each of the given conditions. A total of 12 trials with four oxygenators were conducted.

In the four oxygenators used in our study, no significant differences in oxygenator performance were found. At conditions of 1 l/min gas flow, 50% FiO₂ and 1% isoflurane, there were no significant changes in O₂ transfer between baseline and measurements taken during isoflurane administration (100.18 ± 12.49 vs 102.35 ± 10.99 ml O₂/min, p=0.8031). At 3 l/min gas flow, 100% FiO₂ and 5% isoflurane, no significant differences were found (142.35 ± 10.76 vs 154.04 ± 8.95 ml O₂/min, p=0.1459). The only significant differences found for oxygen transfer were between 50 and 100% FiO₂, all other conditions being set equal (102.35 ± 10.99 vs 137.68 ± 8.62 ml O₂/min, p=0.0023).

In conclusion, increasing concentrations of isoflurane up to 5% does not affect the efficiency of oxygen transfer in an in vitro circuit. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effects in an in vivo setting.

Perfusion, Vol. 16, No. 4, 293-299 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/026765910101600405


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