This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Lau, C. L Articles by Jaggers, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Lau, C. L Articles by Jaggers, J. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Mini-circuit cardiopulmonary bypass with vacuum assisted venous drainage: feasibility of an asanguineous prime in the neonate

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, cllau{at}acpub.duke.edu

Katherine E Posther

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

G Robert Stephenson

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Andrew Lodge

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Jeffrey H Lawson

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Edward M Darling

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

R Duane Davis, Jr

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Ross M Ungerleider

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

James Jaggers

Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

Conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in neonates results in increased transfusion requirements and hemodilution. There has been little advancement in CPB for the neonatal population. There is evidence that increased priming volumes and blood product transfusion enhances inflammatory response to CPB and increases myocardial and pulmonary dysfunction. We have devised a miniaturized CPB circuit that utilizes vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD) in an effort to decrease priming volume and avoid transfusion requirements. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this miniaturized CPB system and determine the feasibility of an asanguineous prime. Ten 1-week-old piglets were randomized to five mini- and five conventional CPB pump circuits. Subjects were supported with CPB at 100 ml/kg/min, cooled to 28°C, exposed to 10 min aortic crossclamp with cardioplegic arrest, rewarmed to 37°C, weaned from bypass, and subjected to modified-ultrafiltration (MUF) for approximately 10 min. This method was chosen to simulate a situation with all the elements of clinical CPB. Blood transfusion trigger was a hematocrit <15 on CPB. Serum samples were obtained pre-CPB, at 15 min of CPB onset, immediately post-CPB completion, and immediately post-MUF. Indices of hemolysis (SGOT, LDH), production of inflammatory mediators (interleukin (IL)-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)), and physiologic parameters of inflammation were measured. The overall blood requirement was significantly less in the mini-circuit compared to conventional CPB (47.0 ± 5.8 ml vs 314.2 ± 31.6 ml; p < 0.0001). The only significant blood requirement in the mini-circuit was to replace the volume removed for samples. During the study, mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p = 0.004), static pulmonary compliance (p = 0.04), platelets (p = 0.0003), and white blood cells (p = 0.003) significantly decreased across the groups. Lung water content (p = 0.02), TNF levels (p = 0.05), and SGOT (p = 0.009) increased significantly during the study, across the groups. Among all parameters tested, except for blood requirement and hematocrit post-CPB, there were no significant differences between the two circuits. VAVD makes asanguineous prime in neonates feasible. When used in this study to miniaturize a conventional-CPB circuit, VAVD with a reconfigured neonatal CPB console and circuit resulted in no detrimental effects, and allowed for markedly decreased priming volumes and blood transfusion requirements.

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. Lawson, G. Smigla, C. McRobb, R Walczak, D Kaemmer, I. Shearer, A Lodge, and J Jaggers A clinical evaluation of the Dideco Kids D100 neonatal oxygenatora Perfusion, January 1, 2008; 23(1): 39 - 42. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. A.J.M. Huybregts, A. M. Morariu, G. Rakhorst, S. R. Spiegelenberg, H. W.A. Romijn, R. de Vroege, and W. van Oeveren Attenuated Renal and Intestinal Injury After Use of a Mini-Cardiopulmonary Bypass System Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2007; 83(5): 1760 - 1766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Hickey, T. Karamlou, X. You, C. Komanapalli, T. Person, K. Wehrley, and R. Ungerleider The Use of a Miniaturized Circuit and Bloodless Prime To Avoid Cerebral No-Reflow After Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Bypass Ann. Thorac. Surg., March 1, 2007; 83(3): 895 - 901. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Hickey, T. Karamlou, J. You, and R. M. Ungerleider Effects of Circuit Miniaturization in Reducing Inflammatory Response to Infant Cardiopulmonary Bypass by Elimination of Allogeneic Blood Products Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2006; 81(6): S2367 - S2372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Karamlou, J. M. Schultz, C. Silliman, C. Sandquist, J. You, I. Shen, and R. M. Ungerleider Using a Miniaturized Circuit and an Asanguineous Prime to Reduce Neutrophil-Mediated Organ Dysfunction Following Infant Cardiopulmonary Bypass Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2005; 80(1): 6 - 14. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F De Somer, D De Wachter, P Verdonck, G Van Nooten, and T Ebels Evaluation of different paediatric venous cannulae using gravity drainage and VAVD: an in vitro study Perfusion, September 1, 2002; 17(5): 321 - 326. [Abstract] [PDF]

				Y Tamari, K Lee-Sensiba, J Beck, R Chan, M Salogub, M Hall, T Lee, R Ganju, and L Mongero A new top-loading venous bag provides vacuum-assisted venous drainage Perfusion, September 1, 2002; 17(5): 383 - 390. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. J Forest, R. C Groom, R. Quinn, J. Donnelly, and C. Clark Repair of hypoplastic left heart syndrome of a 4.25-kg Jehovah's witness Perfusion, May 1, 2002; 17(3): 221 - 225. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. Bevilacqua, S. Matteucci, M. Ferrarini, M. Kacila, A. Ripoli, A. Baroni, D. Mercogliano, M. Glauber, and P. Ferrazzi Biochemical evaluation of vacuum-assisted venous drainage: a randomized, prospective study Perfusion, January 1, 2002; 17(1): 57 - 61. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K McCusker, V Vijay, W DeBois, R Helm, and D Sisto MAST system: a new condensed cardiopulmonary bypass circuit for adult cardiac surgery Perfusion, December 1, 2001; 16(6): 447 - 452. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. Nakanishi, T. Shichijo, Y. Shinkawa, S. Takeuchi, M. Nakai, G. Kato, and O. Oba Usefulness of vacuum-assisted cardiopulmonary bypass circuit for pediatric open-heart surgery in reducing homologous blood transfusion Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., August 1, 2001; 20(2): 233 - 238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Cirri, L. Negri, M. Babbini, G. Latis, B. Khlat, G. Tarelli, P. Panisi, E. Mazzaro, A. Bellisario, B. Borghetti, et al. Haemolysis due to active venous drainage during cardiopulmonary bypass: comparison of two different techniques Perfusion, July 1, 2001; 16(4): 313 - 318. [Abstract] [PDF]